Rhodopseudomonas Cultivation
The genus Rhodopseudomonas is a rod-shaped and ovate-to-spherical bacteria that proliferate in bipartite or asymmetric division. This bacterium moves with polar flagella and is a gram-negative bacterium. It contains chlorophyll a or b and carotenoids. These two kinds of pigments are located on the inner membrane system of sac-tubular and lamellar.
Figure 1. Rhodopseudomonas. (form en.wikipedia.org)
Rhodopseudomonas Culture Service
R. palustris
The young individual cells of Rhodopseudomonas palustris are rod-shaped to ovoid, occasionally slightly curved. The bacteria are 0.6-0.9 microns wide and 1.2-2.0 microns long, and move with polar or subpolar flagella. R. palustris multiplies by budding. Fascicle is the characteristics of long-term cultures of this fungus. Each bacteria in clusters is connected to each other with flagella. In some complex organic media, individual cells can be as long as 10 microns, have irregular shapes, and can also form branches. In the system of photosynthetic membranes, the parallel lamellae are below and connected to the cell plasma membrane; there is no lamellae structure in the tube.
R. viridis
The morphology, size and microstructure of R. viridis are the same as R. palustris.
R. acidophila
The cells are rod-shaped to slightly curved oval. 1.0-1.3×2.0-5.0 microns, the daughter cells originated from the sessile buds growing on the opposite end of the flagella; there are no tubes or filaments between the daughter cells and the mother cells. When the bud grows to the same size as the mother cell, the cell divides in a constricted manner. Under certain conditions, cells can form clusters as mentioned in the description of R. palustris. In a medium that lacking calcium ions, the cells are immobile. The parallel lamella structure of intimal system of photosynthesis is under the cell membrane and connected to it. The lamellar membrane system of daughter cells is formed in the growing buds.
R. gelatinosa
The cells are rod-shaped, straight or slightly curved. 0.4-0.5×1-2 microns, it can grow to 15 microns in a long-term culture, and it is irregularly curved. The bacteria reproduces in a bipartite division. Many strains can produce abundant mucus on all media, which makes the cells clumped. In young cultures or when a small amount of mucus is produced, cells move with extremely flagella. The internal photosynthetic membrane system consists of a small number of tubular or finger-like inner pleated plasma membranes.
R. capsulata
The cells are spherical, ovate to rod-shaped, 0.5-1.2×2-2.5 microns, sometimes up to 6 microns. In the medium below pH 7.0, the cells are spherical and often arranged in regular chains similar to Streptococcus. In the medium above pH7.0, the cells are characteristic oval and rod-shaped. Above pH 8.0, irregular filaments are formed and the medium becomes sticky. The bacteria reproduces in a bipartite division. The photosynthetic intimal system is cystic.
R. sphaeroides
The cells are spherical with a diameter of 0.7-4 microns. In a sugar-containing medium, the cells are oval, 2-2.5×2.5-3.5 microns. Young cultures use extreme flagella to move; in an alkaline medium, the movement stops and produces abundant mucus. The bacteria reproduces in a bipartite division. The photosynthetic intimal system is cystic.
| Rhodospirillum |
Type of Nutrition |
Bacterial Culture Condition |
| R. palustris |
Light energy heterotrophic bacteria; facultative aerobic, can live anaerobic under the light, or grow aerobic under the dark. |
It can grow on inorganic salt medium containing simple organic substrates, sodium bicarbonate and p-aminobenzoate. Some strains also need to add biotin. Yeast extract has a significant effect on stimulating growth. pH range: 5.5-8.5, fatty acids below pH 7.0 will inhibit growth. Optimal growth range: 30-37°C. |
| R. viridis |
Light-energy heterotrophic bacteria grow anaerobic under light, but can also grow micro-aerobic under dark. Some strains can grow aerobic in the dark. |
It can be grown in an inorganic medium with a simple organic substrate and sodium bicarbonate supplemented with biotin and p-aminobenzoate. pH range; 6.3-8.03; optimum pH, 6.5-7.0. Growth temperature: 25-30°C. |
| R. acidophila |
Light-energy heterotrophic bacteria, facultative aerobic, can live anaerobic under the light or live aerobic under the dark. Certain strains are slightly aerobic. |
It can be grown on a mineral medium with simple organic matter and sodium bicarbonate; no growth factors are required; the growth rate is not improved by yeast extract or complex organic nutrients. pH range: 4.8-7.0; optimum pH: 5.8. Optimum temperature: 25-30°C. |
| R. gelatinosa |
Light-energy heterotrophic bacteria, facultative micro-aerobic to aerobic, grow anaerobic under light or micro-aerobic under dark; some strains can live aerobic life in darkness. |
It can be grown on a mineral medium with simple organic matter and sodium bicarbonate supplemented with biotin and thiamine; some strains also need to add pantothenate. pH range: 6.0-8.5. Growth temperature: 30°C. |
| R. capsulata |
Light energy heterotrophic bacteria, facultative aerobic growth. It grows anaerobic when there is light, and grows aerobic in the dark. |
It can grow in a mineral medium with simple organic matter and sodium bicarbonate, supplemented with thiamine; some strains also need to add biotin and niacin. pH range: 5.5-8.53; optimum pH: 7.0. Optimum temperature: 25-30°C. |
| R. sphaeroides |
Light energy heterotrophic bacteria, facultative aerobic; can live anaerobic in the light or aerobic in the dark. |
It can grow in a mineral medium with simple organic matter and bicarbonate, supplemented with thiamine, biotin and acid. Optimal growth requires adding yeast extract to a simple organic substrate. PH range: 6.0-8.55; the most suitable pH is 7.0. Optimum temperature: 25-30°C. |
Why Choose Us?
The culture of Rhodopseudomonas requires specific formulations of growth media for use in cloning, plasmid DNA preparation, and protein expression. Creative Biogene offers a selection of bacterial growth media and custom services for your specific application. If you are interested in our microbial anaerobic and aerobic culture platform, please contact us for more details.
References
- Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Book Review Int. J. of Syst. Bact.; July 1985, p. 22.
- Inomata Tsuyako, Higuchi Masataka. Incorporation of tritium into cell materials of Rhodpseudomonas spheroides from tritiated water in the medium under aerobic conditions. Journal of Biochemistry. 1976, 80(3), p569-578.
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